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BRIDGES (legacy) vs Subscriptions (new server)

adn-dmr-server and adn-server 2.x forward group voice the same way at the wire: a talkgroup “bridge table” decides which systems receive a copy of the stream, with LC rewrite per leg. What changed in 2.x is how that table is represented in code — not the operator-visible rules.

For operators

Runtime bridge behaviour is unchanged: TGs, slots, OPTIONS, UA, TG 4000, OpenBridge. Subscriptions is the internal name for the 2.x routing engine — not a separate operating mode and not something you configure on its own.

No operational change

Configuration: SYSTEMS, hotspot OPTIONS, SELF_SERVICE / MariaDB — same as adn-dmr-server. Neither stack loads a BRIDGES block from YAML.
Rule parity: ACTIVE source row, #… tables, UA timers, GEN_STAT_BRIDGES, etc.

Concrete gains in 2.x

Area	Effect
Routing stability	Bridge state lives in a dedicated store; reports and timers no longer share the same mutable structure as voice forwarding. Fewer mismatches between what the server forwards and what the dashboard shows under load.
Monitor	Report v2 (`routing_table`, `topology`) to adn-monitor 2.x replaces pickle/CSV; BTABLE tracks peer state more faithfully.
Dynamic TGs	With `DATABASE`, per-peer dynamics are persisted and restored on reconnect (≥ 2.0.0-rc.3).
Maintenance	Timer, OpenBridge, ACL, and self-service fixes do not go through one process-wide dict shared with every subsystem.

The word subscription only matters when reading code or this guide; on the dashboard and on the air you still work with bridges and talkgroups.

At a glance

	Legacy (`adn-dmr-server`)	New (`adn-server` 2.x)
Runtime authority	Global `BRIDGES` dict (`bridge_master.py`)	`SubscriptionStore` (domain `Subscription` objects)
Structure	`bridge_key → [ row, row, … ]`	One subscription per system leg on a channel
Forward resolution	Scan rows, call `to_target`	`SubscriptionRouter.resolve()` → `ForwardLeg`
Monitor / report wire	Pickle `BRIDGE_SND` = `BRIDGES`	JSON `routing_table` (v2) or exported `BRIDGES` shim (v1 compat)
YAML `BRIDGES:` block	Not loaded from config in either stack; rows are built at runtime	Same — rows come from OPTIONS, UA, STAT, OpenBridge, echo bootstrap

Observable behaviour (source-row guard, dynamic UA, static TG, reflector keys #…, OpenBridge TS1 match, timers) follows legacy parity with bridge_master.py.

Legacy: `BRIDGES` dict

In adn-dmr-server, routing state is a process-wide dictionary:

BRIDGES["52090"] = [
  { "SYSTEM": "MASTER-A", "TS": 2, "TGID": b'...', "ACTIVE": True,  "TO_TYPE": "ON",  "TIMER": …, … },
  { "SYSTEM": "MASTER-B", "TS": 2, "TGID": b'...', "ACTIVE": True,  "TO_TYPE": "ON",  … },
  { "SYSTEM": "OBP-UK",   "TS": 1, "TGID": b'...', "ACTIVE": False, … },
]
BRIDGES["#310"] = [ … ]   # reflector / marked TG tables

Each row is a leg. Important fields:

SYSTEM — configured system name (HBP master or OpenBridge leg).
TS — timeslot 1 or 2 (OpenBridge sources use TS 1 in the match path).
TGID — destination ID bytes used for LC rewrite toward that leg.
ACTIVE — leg participates in forwarding when true.
TIMEOUT / TIMER / TO_TYPE / ON / OFF / RESET — UA timers, static/stat, in-band VTERM rules.

Voice path (dmrd_received):

Derive bridge key from destination TG (and reflector #… tables when applicable).
Create a dynamic table if missing (UA / STAT / static OPTIONS — same triggers as legacy).
Find an ACTIVE source row matching current system + slot + TGID.
For each other ACTIVE row in that same table, call to_target (contention, ACL, LC/TA rewrite, OpenBridge loop control).

flowchart TB
  IN[DMRD / DMRE ingress] --> DM[dmrd_received]
  DM --> KEY{bridge key exists?}
  KEY -->|no| CREATE[ensure dynamic / stat / static row]
  CREATE --> BR
  KEY -->|yes| BR[(BRIDGES dict)]
  BR --> SRC{ACTIVE source row\nSYSTEM + TS + TGID?}
  SRC -->|yes| SCAN[other ACTIVE legs\nsame table]
  SCAN --> TT[to_target per leg]
  TT --> OUT[HBP / OpenBridge egress]
  SRC -->|no| DROP[no forward]

The monitor reads the same dict via pickle BRIDGE_SND.

New server: `Subscription` + `SubscriptionStore`

In adn-server 2.x, the domain model replaces ad-hoc dict rows:

AudioChannel — logical TG + slot (tgid, slot).
Subscription — one system’s participation: role, activation policy, state (phase, timer), target_tgid (LC rewrite), optional relay_table_key (reflector #… tables).
SubscriptionStore — sole runtime routing authority (no parallel BRIDGES mutation).

Voice path (same semantics, different types):

RoutingUseCases.dmrd_received updates the store (create relay table, static TG, UA timeout — legacy hooks).
SubscriptionRouter.relay_tables_with_active_source — tables where the ingress system has an ACTIVE subscription matching slot/TG.
SubscriptionRouter.resolve — returns ForwardLeg targets (system, slot, tgid) for all other ACTIVE subscriptions in those tables.
Forward mixins send packets (to_target parity).

flowchart TB
  IN[DMRD / DMRE ingress] --> RU[RoutingUseCases.dmrd_received]
  RU --> SS[(SubscriptionStore)]
  RU --> SR[SubscriptionRouter]
  SS --> SR
  SR --> LEGS[ForwardLeg list]
  LEGS --> FWD[HBP / OBP forward mixins]
  SS --> EXP[RoutingTableLegacyView\nexport shim only]
  EXP --> MON[BRIDGE_SND pickle\nor routing_table JSON]

Important: routing_table_for_report() / BRIDGE_SND is a one-way export for dashboards (RoutingTableLegacyView). It is not used to decide forwards. That avoids the legacy pattern of mutating a global dict shared with reporting.

Row → subscription mapping

Legacy `BRIDGES` row	Domain `Subscription`
Table key (`"52090"`, `"#310"`)	`relay_table_key` + channel TG
`SYSTEM`	`system` (`SystemId`)
`TS` + table TG context	`channel.slot` / `channel.tgid`
`TGID` (bytes)	`target_tgid` (LC rewrite)
`ACTIVE`	`state.phase` (`ACTIVE` / `IDLE`)
`TIMER`	`state.timer_expires_at`
`TIMEOUT`	`timeout_seconds`
`TO_TYPE` (`ON`, `OFF`, `STAT`, `NONE`)	`role` + `policy` (`ActivationPolicy`, `SubscriptionRole`)
`ON` / `OFF` / `RESET`	`triggers` (`InbandTriggers`)

Import/export helpers: routing_table_import.py, routing_table_export.py (mirror of legacy bridges_export).

End-to-end comparison (one voice frame)

sequenceDiagram
  participant Radio
  participant Server
  participant Peer as Other system

  Radio->>Server: Group voice TG 52090 TS2

  rect rgb(40,40,50)
    note right of Server: Legacy
    Server->>Server: BRIDGES["52090"] source row ACTIVE?
    Server->>Server: foreach ACTIVE leg in table
    Server->>Peer: to_target (rewrite LC)
  end

  rect rgb(30,50,40)
    note right of Server: New server (same rules)
    Server->>Server: SubscriptionRouter.resolve()
    Server->>Peer: forward ForwardLeg(s)
  end

What did not change

Bridge keys (52090, #reflector, …) and multi-leg tables.
Source-row guard — forward only from a table where this system is an ACTIVE source for that TG/slot context.
Dynamic UA, static OPTIONS, GEN_STAT_BRIDGES, TG 4000 clearing, echo 9990 bootstrap.
Timer passes (rule_timer, bridgeDebug, …) — still driven off the same logical table, implemented on the store in 2.x.

Concrete example

Bridge (network concept): “TG 52090 connects these systems and forwards voice between them”.
Subscription (2.x code only): one leg of that table — e.g. “MASTER-A on TG 52090, slot 2, ACTIVE, with its LC and timer”.

It is not bridge or subscription: in 2.x a bridge is a set of subscriptions on the same channel (TG + slot).

Scenario

Someone keys TG 52090 and MASTER-A, MASTER-B, and an OpenBridge leg should hear it. On the dashboard and on the air that is a bridge (the TG 52090 table).

Legacy (adn-dmr-server) — everything in one global dict:

BRIDGES["52090"] = [
  { SYSTEM: "MASTER-A", TS: 2, ACTIVE: True,  TGID: …, TIMER: … },
  { SYSTEM: "MASTER-B", TS: 2, ACTIVE: True,  TGID: … },
  { SYSTEM: "OBP-UK",   TS: 1, ACTIVE: False, TGID: … },
]

When a voice frame arrives:

Find the row where this system is the ACTIVE source (same TG/slot).
Walk the other ACTIVE rows in the same table.
For each, call to_target → forward with rewritten LC.

The monitor reads the same dict (pickle BRIDGE_SND).

New server (adn-server 2.x) — same table, different internal shape:

SubscriptionStore — TG 52090 / slot 2:
  - subscription MASTER-A  (ACTIVE, target_tgid, timer…)
  - subscription MASTER-B  (ACTIVE, …)
  - subscription OBP-UK    (IDLE, …)

On voice, SubscriptionRouter.resolve() applies the same rules (ACTIVE source, other ACTIVE legs) and returns ForwardLeg entries to forward. The monitor gets an exported view (BRIDGE_SND or JSON routing_table); that export does not drive forwarding.

Where to read code

Topic	Legacy	New
Voice ingress	`adn-dmr-server/bridge_master.py` (`routerHBP.dmrd_received`)	`application/routing_use_cases.py`
Forward to leg	`to_target`	`application/routing/hbp_forward.py`, `obp_forward.py`
Table state	global `BRIDGES`	`application/subscription/` (`store`, `router`, ops)
Monitor export	`send_routing_table` / pickle	`routing_table_legacy_view.py`, report v2 `routing_table`

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