fix(#248): VID-gate the USB DTR open pulse (don't wedge ESP32-C6)

The DTR low→high pulse in the desktop USB open path resets ESP32 USB-Serial/JTAG
chips (VID 303A: C6/H2/S3-HWCDC) into ROM download mode mid-handshake, wedging
the device until a physical reset. The pulse exists for nRF52 (VID 239A)
reconnect-after-unclean-disconnect, so it can't just be removed.

connect() now recovers the port's USB VID from the flserial enumeration
(hardware_id) and gates the pulse: 239A keeps the DTR low→high pulse; 303A and
any unknown/unparseable VID open with DTR asserted and no pulse. VID lookup is
enumeration-only (never opens the port). New usb_vid helper parses both flserial
hardware_id formats (Windows VID_XXXX and macOS/Linux VID:PID=xxxx:xxxx), unit
tested. Build of epic #245.

lib/services/usb_serial_service_native.dart

@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@ import 'app_debug_log_service.dart';
 import '../utils/macos_usb_device_names.dart';
 import '../utils/platform_info.dart';
 import '../utils/usb_port_labels.dart';
+import '../utils/usb_vid.dart';
 import 'usb_serial_frame_codec.dart';
 
 /// Wraps the native flserial plugin to expose a stream of raw bytes for the
@@ -102,6 +103,25 @@ class UsbSerialService {
     }).toList();
   }
 
+  /// Best-effort USB vendor ID for [portName] from the flserial port
+  /// enumeration, or null if it can't be determined. Enumeration only — it does
+  /// NOT open the port, so it can't trigger the reset the gate exists to avoid.
+  /// Used to gate the DTR open pulse. (#244/#245)
+  int? _lookupPortVid(String portName) {
+    try {
+      for (final entry in FlSerial.listPorts()) {
+        if (normalizeUsbPortName(entry) != portName) continue;
+        final segments = entry.split(' - ');
+        if (segments.length < 3) return null;
+        // hardware_id is the 3rd field onward (may itself contain ' - ').
+        return parseUsbVid(segments.sublist(2).join(' - '));
+      }
+    } catch (e) {
+      _debugLogService?.warn('USB VID lookup failed: $e', tag: 'USB Serial');
+    }
+    return null;
+  }
+
   void setDebugLogService(AppDebugLogService? service) {
     _debugLogService = service;
   }
@@ -164,6 +184,12 @@ class UsbSerialService {
       // When a cu.* open fails with FL_ERROR_PORT_NOT_EXIST, try the tty.*
       // variant as a fallback (and vice-versa) before giving up.
       final candidates = _buildPortCandidates(normalizedPortName);
+
+      // Recover the USB vendor ID so we can gate the DTR open pulse below. The
+      // pulse resets ESP32 USB-Serial/JTAG chips (VID 303A) into ROM download
+      // mode; it must fire only for nRF52 (VID 239A). (#244/#245)
+      final int? portVid = _lookupPortVid(normalizedPortName);
+
       FlSerialException? lastError;
       bool opened = false;
 
@@ -189,11 +215,26 @@ class UsbSerialService {
           serial.setStopBits1();
           serial.setFlowControlNone();
           serial.setRTS(false);
-          // Toggle DTR low→high so the device sees a fresh connection even
-          // if the previous disconnect didn't cleanly signal DTR drop.
-          serial.setDTR(false);
-          await Future<void>.delayed(const Duration(milliseconds: 50));
-          serial.setDTR(true);
+          if (portVid == usbVidAdafruitNrf52) {
+            // nRF52 (Adafruit): keys "fresh connection" off a DTR low→high edge
+            // so a reconnect after an unclean disconnect is seen. Keep the pulse.
+            serial.setDTR(false);
+            await Future<void>.delayed(const Duration(milliseconds: 50));
+            serial.setDTR(true);
+          } else {
+            // ESP32 USB-Serial/JTAG (VID 303A) maps DTR/RTS onto EN/BOOT, so a
+            // DTR-low window resets the chip into ROM download mode mid-open and
+            // wedges it. Any non-nRF52 device — including an unknown/unparseable
+            // VID — opens with DTR asserted and no pulse (a stale DTR is safer
+            // than wedging the device). (#244/#245)
+            serial.setDTR(true);
+          }
+          _debugLogService?.info(
+            'USB open pulse gate: vid='
+            '${portVid == null ? 'unknown' : '0x${portVid.toRadixString(16)}'} '
+            '${portVid == usbVidAdafruitNrf52 ? 'DTR pulse (nRF52)' : 'no pulse (DTR asserted)'}',
+            tag: 'USB Serial',
+          );
           _serial = serial;
           // Update the normalized port name to whichever candidate succeeded.
           normalizedPortName = candidate;

lib/utils/usb_vid.dart

@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+/// USB vendor-ID helpers for gating the desktop serial open sequence.
+///
+/// The DTR low→high pulse in the USB open path is a "fresh connection" signal
+/// nRF52 boards need to reconnect after an unclean disconnect. But on ESP32
+/// USB-Serial/JTAG chips (VID 303A: C6/H2/S3-HWCDC) the ROM maps DTR/RTS onto
+/// EN/BOOT, so the pulse resets the chip into ROM download mode mid-open and
+/// wedges it until a physical reset. We gate the pulse by vendor ID. (#244/#245)
+library;
+
+/// Adafruit — nRF52 boards (RAK4631 etc.). Needs the DTR edge to reconnect.
+const int usbVidAdafruitNrf52 = 0x239A;
+
+/// Espressif — ESP32 USB-Serial/JTAG. The DTR pulse resets it into ROM.
+const int usbVidEspressif = 0x303A;
+
+final RegExp _vidWindows = RegExp(r'VID_([0-9A-Fa-f]{4})');
+final RegExp _vidUnix = RegExp(r'VID:PID=([0-9A-Fa-f]{4}):[0-9A-Fa-f]{4}');
+
+/// Parses a USB vendor ID (0..0xFFFF) from a flserial `hardware_id` string, or
+/// null if none is present. Handles both formats flserial emits:
+///  - Windows (SetupAPI `SPDRP_HARDWAREID`): `USB\VID_303A&PID_1001&...`
+///  - macOS / Linux (pyserial-style):        `USB VID:PID=303a:1001 SNR=...`
+int? parseUsbVid(String hardwareId) {
+  final win = _vidWindows.firstMatch(hardwareId);
+  if (win != null) return int.parse(win.group(1)!, radix: 16);
+  final unix = _vidUnix.firstMatch(hardwareId);
+  if (unix != null) return int.parse(unix.group(1)!, radix: 16);
+  return null;
+}

test/utils/usb_vid_test.dart

@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+import 'package:flutter_test/flutter_test.dart';
+import 'package:meshcore_open/utils/usb_vid.dart';
+
+void main() {
+  group('parseUsbVid', () {
+    test('Windows SPDRP_HARDWAREID format', () {
+      expect(
+        parseUsbVid(r'USB\VID_303A&PID_1001&MI_00\8&25728F34&0&0000'),
+        0x303A,
+      );
+      expect(
+        parseUsbVid(r'USB\VID_239A&PID_8029&MI_00\8&6C3483E&0&0000'),
+        0x239A,
+      );
+    });
+
+    test('macOS / Linux pyserial format', () {
+      expect(parseUsbVid('USB VID:PID=303a:1001 SNR=1234'), 0x303A);
+      expect(parseUsbVid('USB VID:PID=239a:8029 LOCATION=1-1'), 0x239A);
+    });
+
+    test('hex is case-insensitive', () {
+      expect(parseUsbVid(r'USB\VID_303a&PID_1001'), 0x303A);
+      expect(parseUsbVid('USB VID:PID=239A:8029'), 0x239A);
+    });
+
+    test('no VID present returns null', () {
+      expect(parseUsbVid('n/a'), isNull);
+      expect(parseUsbVid('USB Serial Device'), isNull);
+      expect(parseUsbVid(''), isNull);
+      expect(parseUsbVid('COM23'), isNull);
+    });
+
+    test('known vendor-ID constants', () {
+      expect(usbVidAdafruitNrf52, 0x239A);
+      expect(usbVidEspressif, 0x303A);
+    });
+  });
+}